• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An electric motor comprising a rotor (10) comprising a magnetized portion (18) defining a plurality of rotor poles, a motor stator (12) comprising a plurality of coils (28) and a magnetic armature (26) defining a magnetic circuit, and a rotor brake device (14). The rotor brake device comprises a movable member (30) and a brake stator (12b) comprising a magnetic brake armature (26b) and a brake activation coil (46) supported by the magnetic brake armature. The brake activation coil is configured to actuate movement of the movable member from a disengaged position where the rotor is free to rotate to an engaged position where the rotor is held in a rotatably static position. The magnetic brake armature (26b) of the brake stator is integral with the magnetic armature (26) of the motor stator (12).
    公开号:FR3020522A1
    申请号:FR1453759
    申请日:2014-04-25
    公开日:2015-10-30
    发明作者:Gael Andrieux；Mathieu Watrin；Guillaume Keltz
    申请人:MMT SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric actuators and in particular actuators with a flat electric motor.
    [0002] Flat electric motors are described for example in the patent publications and patent applications US5708406, US8084913, EP1482626 US2010 / 0314962. A motor with a magnetic armature forming the magnetic circuit where the coil cores are reported is described in US2009 / 0001824. Some electric actuators consist of a motor part comprising a rotor and a stator, and a gear train coupled to the rotor. Depending on the gear train used the actuator may be reversible or not. By using a gear train with a good direct and indirect efficiency, the actuator generally has a good reversibility, which allows it to be associated with a mechanical return system in case of degraded operation (for example during a power failure). current). This reminder system, often used in safe return systems, called "failsafe" in English, generally consists of a spring-like element. The disadvantage is that in normal use, the actuator must constantly fight against the return system, especially in the phases where it must keep a fixed position which leads to a high current consumption. Using a gear with a poor efficiency (eg worm), the actuator generally has a low reversibility which allows to consume very little power during the phases where it must keep a fixed position even if a load is constantly applied . On the other hand, the dynamic performances are not optimal and it is difficult to associate to him a mechanical system of recall because of the low reversibility.
    [0003] An object of the invention is to provide an electric actuator that can be brought into association with a system of return to the safe position ("failsafe") with good performance and good dynamic performance. It is advantageous to provide an electric actuator having a low power consumption. It is advantageous for certain applications to provide an electric actuator having good reversibility. It is advantageous to provide a compact, efficient and reliable electric actuator. It is advantageous to provide an economical electric actuator to manufacture.
    [0004] In the present invention, an electric motor is described comprising a rotor comprising a magnetized portion defining a plurality of rotor poles, a stator comprising a plurality of coils and a magnetic armature defining a magnetic circuit, and a rotor brake device. The rotor brake device comprises a movable member and a brake stator comprising a magnetic brake armature and a brake activation coil supported by the magnetic brake armature, the brake activation coil being configured to actuate a brake displacement. the movable member of a disengaged position where the rotor is free to rotate to an engaged position where the rotor is held in a static position locked in rotation. The magnetic brake armature is integral and at least partially formed with the magnetic armature of the stator. According to one embodiment, the movable member comprises a brake portion with a toothed or roughened surface configured to engage a circumferential periphery of the rotor including a complementary toothed or roughened surface. According to one embodiment, the rotor brake device is in the form of a linear actuator, the moving element performing a linear motion along an axis of displacement orthogonal to the axis of the rotor. According to one embodiment, the control of the mobile element, in case of power failure to the motor, is performed by a reserve of energy, such as a capacitor or a battery arranged in or connected to the motor. According to one embodiment, the movable element is coupled to the brake stator in a bistable manner, configured so that in the unlocking or unlocking positions, the movable element is in a stable position.
    [0005] The bistable coupling can be effected by means of a stator magnet mounted in the brake stator, and a magnetic part of the movable element, the magnetized portions of the stator magnet and the movable element being configured to generate a magnetic force pushing the movable element towards the rotor in the braking position, and in the opposite direction in the unlocking position.
    [0006] According to one embodiment, the magnetic armature of the stator comprises a generally flat shape, a major plane of the flat shape oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
    [0007] According to one embodiment, the magnetic armature of the stator constitutes a closed magnetic circuit surrounding the coils and the rotor as well as the brake device. In the present invention, there is also described an actuator comprising an electric motor according to the invention, a transmission in the form of a gear train coupled to an output of the rotor of the motor, an electronic circuit, and a housing in which the motor , the transmission and the circuit are housed. According to one embodiment, the rotor and the transmission are reversible and in the unlocking position allow a return system to turn the output axis of the rotor and the transmission in a position defined in advance by a setting system. security ("failsafe"). Other objects and advantageous aspects of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description of embodiments and drawings, in which: FIGS. 1a and 1b are top and bottom perspective views respectively of an embodiment of an electric motor (shown without a casing) according to the invention; 2 is a perspective view of a stator frame of an embodiment of an electric motor according to the invention; Figs. Figs 3a and 3b are views of the embodiment of Fig. 1b illustrating the rotor in the free position (Fig. 3b) and in the locked position (Fig. 3a); Figs. Figures 4a and 4b are cross-sectional views of the embodiment of Figure 1b illustrating the rotor in the free position (Figure 4b) and in the locked position (Figure 4a); Fig. 5a is a perspective view of an electric actuator, without cover, incorporating an electric motor according to one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5b is a perspective view in section of the actuator of Figure 5a; Fig. 6 is a view of an embodiment of an electric motor (illustrated without a case) according to the invention, with a monostable brake device; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an actuator with a linear output member and an electric motor (illustrated without box, without coils and without circuit) according to the invention. Referring to the figures, beginning with Figure 5, an electric actuator 1 comprises an electric motor 2, a transmission 4 in the form of a gear train, a control circuit 6, and a housing 8 in which the motor, the transmission and the circuit are housed. The gear train may for example form a reducer, the gear wheels 32 of the gear train being coupled to an output gear 22 of the rotor. The output member of the actuator may be rotatable or linear. An example of a linear output embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 7. The transmission in this example comprises an output gear 22 of the rotor engaging a wheel comprising a nut 31 engaging a linear displacement screw 33.
    [0008] The electric motor 2, according to various embodiments of the invention, comprises a rotor 10, a motor stator 12 comprising coils 28 and a magnetic armature 26 made of a magnetic material, and a rotor brake device 14. By magnetic material is meant a material having a high magnetic permeability such as a soft iron, ferrite, or other materials used for the magnetic circuits of motors or electromagnetic transducers. The rotor comprises a magnetized portion 18 defining a plurality of rotor poles 16. The rotor rotates about an axis defining an axial direction A.
    [0009] The magnetized part of the rotor may comprise an axial magnet coupled to a body made of a magnetic material comprising teeth forming the poles. Alternatively, the magnetized part of the rotor may be in the form of a ring magnet with circumferential sectors alternately magnetized North / South, or a ring on which magnets are reported, for example magnets in sintered NdFeB , compressed or injected. The stator comprises a plurality of stator poles 34 which may be equal to or different from the number of poles of the rotor. The magnetic armature 26 of the stator may advantageously have a generally flat shape, the major plane M of the flat shape oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation A. The periphery of the flat shape may constitute a closed magnetic circuit surrounding the coils and the magnetized part of the rotor.
    [0010] In an advantageous embodiment, the magnetic armature can advantageously be made of embossed sheets. The stator includes teeth 34 distributed circumferentially around the rotor 10 and separated from the surface of the rotor by an air gap. The teeth define the magnetic poles 34 of the stator. Some teeth are coupled directly to the coils, and others are coupled indirectly by the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic armature 26.35 Each coil 28 comprises a coil holder 29, for example a dielectric material such as molded or injected plastic, with a hollow central portion 29a bordered by a first flange 29b at one end and a second flange 29c at the other end. A conductive wire (copper or other conductive material) is wound on the hollow central portion between the flanges and connected at its ends to electrical terminals 42, for example in the form of pins, assembled to the coil support, for example by overmolding in one of the flasks. The flanges 29b, 29c of the coil support 29 may advantageously also serve to guide, position and / or fix the coil 28 on the magnetic armature 26. In the illustrated embodiments, the coil is inserted axially into the coil. central orifice 36 of the magnetic armature 26 and then inserted radially on a coil core 38 formed integrally and integrally with the armature 26. In a variant (not shown) the coil core 38 may be in the form of a piece reported in a magnetic material, inserted in the hollow central portion 29a of the coil support. The coil core 38 in this case comprises a fixing portion configured to be anchored to the frame 26, for example by welding, riveting, driving or other mechanical means to establish a magnetic connection and a mechanical attachment with the armature. The provision of the coil core as an insert advantageously allows the coil core to be inserted into the coil 10 before the coil is assembled into the armature 26 in an axial direction A. This makes it possible to have a coil of larger dimension (circumference / diameter / height / width) than in a configuration where the coil should be threaded onto an integrally formed core with magnetic reinforcement. The coil core 38 may be formed of the same material and by the same manufacturing method as those used for the reinforcement, for example by stamping sheets. In this last example, the core can even be formed and cut from the sheet metal part forming the frame, this to reduce material falls and tooling costs.
    [0011] In the reported spool core variant, the spool core may also be formed of a different material or by a different manufacturing process than those used for the magnetic armature. In the illustrated embodiments, teeth 34 are advantageously formed integrally and integrally with the stamped plates of the magnetic armature 26.
    [0012] The rotor brake device 14 comprises a movable element 30 and a brake stator. The brake stator comprises a magnetic brake arm 26b and a brake activation coil 46 supported by the magnetic brake arm 26b. The brake activation coil 46 is configured to actuate movement of the movable member from a disengaged position to an engaged position and vice versa. In the engaged position the movable element engages the rotor to maintain it in a static position locked in rotation, and in the disengaged position the rotor is free to rotate. The movable member may have a brake portion 44a with a toothed or rough surface. The periphery of the rotor against which the brake part engages may also have a complementary toothed surface 23, or a rough surface.
    [0013] Alternatively, the brake portion may also include a material with a coefficient of friction relative to the periphery of the rotor sufficient to stop the rotation of the rotor in a locking position. In a preferred embodiment, the rotor brake device 14 is in the form of a linear actuator, the moving element performing a linear movement along a Y displacement axis orthogonal to the axis A of the rotor. It is however possible in the context of the invention to have a movable element with a non-linear movement, for example a movable element pivoting about an axis.
    [0014] The rotor brake device 14 thus makes it possible to block and unlock the rotor, which allows the motor to be associated with a transmission, in particular a gear train, having a good efficiency and therefore a good reversibility. In the locked position, the system can be configured to maintain a static position without consuming power. In the unlocked position, the system becomes reversible and the rotor and the transmission can therefore be moved by a safe return system (called "failsafe"). In a preferred embodiment, the locking / unlocking can be performed electronically. In a preferred embodiment, the movable member 30 is coupled to the brake stator 26b in a bistable manner. In the unlocking or unlocking positions, the movable element 30 is in a stable position, which makes it possible to operate at a very low power consumption. In the event of power failure or degraded operation of the actuator, the control of the mobile element 30 can be effected by means of a reserve of energy, for example by means of a capacitor or a battery in the actuator. In one embodiment, the bistable coupling is effected by means of a stator magnet 39 mounted in the brake stator 12b, and the actuating body portion 44b of the movable member 30, the body portion of actuation of magnetic material. The magnetized zones of the stator magnet are configured to generate a magnetic force pushing the movable member towards the rotor in the braking position, and in the opposite direction in the unlocking position. This is done by closing the magnetic circuit M1, M2 (see Figures 4a, 4b) when the actuating body portion 44b abuts against the magnetic brake arm 26b in these two bistable positions. In the context of the invention, the bistable coupling may also be effected by other means, such as by a system comprising a cam on the movable member engaging a spring cam follower mounted on the stator part. In another embodiment, the movable member 30 is coupled to the brake stator 12b in a monostable manner. Figure 6 illustrates an example of a monostable variant. In the blocking position, the movable element 30 is in a stable position pushed by a spring, which makes it possible to have a very low power consumption operation. In the unlocking position, the movable member is actuated by the brake activation coil against the force of the spring to allow the rotor to rotate. In the event of power failure or degraded operation of the actuator, the control of the mobile element 30 can be effected by means of a reserve of energy, for example by means of a capacitor or a battery in the actuator.
    [0015] Alternatively, in the locking position, the movable member 30 is not in a stable position, the spring 45 tending to bring it back to the unlocked position. The locked position therefore requires current to be maintained. In some cases, this current may be considered low enough to be acceptable and this makes it possible to dispense with the energy reserve (capacitor or battery). The magnetic brake armature 26b of the brake stator can advantageously be integral and integrally formed with the magnetic armature 26. The brake activation coil 46 may comprise a coil supported by the magnetic brake arm 26b. The advantage of this system is the integration of the rotor brake device 14 in the stator of the rotary motor. The package of sheets being common to the rotary motor and the rotor brake device 14, this allows a saving in cost, space and tolerance during assembly.
    [0016] In normal operating mode, the linear actuator 14 drives the movable member 30 to unlock the rotor 10 when the output shaft 22 needs to be electrically driven to a position. In normal operating mode, the linear actuator 14 drives the movable element 30 in order to lock the rotor 10 when the output shaft 22 needs to be maintained at a fixed position, thereby making it possible to lower the power consumption of the In the degraded mode, for example during a power failure at the terminals of the electric actuator 1, the linear actuator 14 drives the movable element 30 in order to unlock the rotor 10 and make the actuator reversible. then to a return system to turn the output shaft 22 to a position defined in advance.
    [0017] This system makes it possible to control the locking of the rotor by associating a gear with a good efficiency and a stator with a low torque at rest. When the rotor is unlocked, it maximizes dynamic performance and has a low torque at rest to be actuated by a reminder system. When the rotor is blocked, it allows to have a large holding torque without consuming power. The additional advantage of this system is to integrate the function into a single sheet metal package to improve costs, compactness and tolerances.35 List of references in the figures Electric actuator 1 Electric motor 2 Rotor 10 Poles 16 Magnetic part 18 Axis 20 Output pinion 22 Engagement surface 23 toothed surface Motor stator 12 Poles Magnetic armature 26 Teeth 34 Center hole 36 Coil core 38 Coil 28 Coil holder 29 Hollow center 29a First flange 29b Second flange 29c Conductor wire 40 Terminals electric motors 42 Rotor brake device 14 Moving element 30 Brake part 44a Support end 48 toothed end Actuator body part 44b magnetic material shaft Flange (monostable variant) 47 Spring (monostable variant) 45 Brake stator 12b Magnetic reinforcement brake 26b Electromagnet (coil) 46 Coil holder Conductor wire Stator magnet 39 Transmission 4 Gear train Gear wheels 32 Nut 31 Output gear 33 linear rotary Electronic circuit 6 electronic control circuit 10 Housing 8 Axial direction A Main plane of the stator M
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. An electric motor comprising a rotor (10) comprising a magnetized portion (18), a motor stator (12) comprising at least one coil (28) and a magnetic armature (26) defining a magnetic circuit, and a rotor brake device (14) ), characterized in that the rotor brake device comprises a movable member (30) and a brake stator comprising a magnetic brake armature (26b) and a brake activation coil (46) supported by the magnetic brake armature the brake activation coil being configured to actuate movement of the movable member from a disengaged position where the rotor is free to rotate to an engaged position where the rotor is held in a rotatably static position, the magnetic brake armature (26b) of the brake stator being integral and at least partially formed with the magnetic armature (26) of the motor stator (12). An electric motor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the movable member comprises a brake portion (44a) with a toothed or roughened surface configured to engage a circumferential periphery of the rotor including a complementary toothed or roughened surface. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor brake device is in the form of a linear actuator, the moving element performing a linear motion along a displacement axis (Y) orthogonal to the axis (A). ) of the rotor. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control of the movable element in case of power failure to the motor is effected by a reserve of energy, such as a capacitor or a battery arranged in or connected to the engine. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable element is coupled to the brake stator in a bistable manner, configured so that in the unlocking or unlocking positions, the movable element is in a stable position. . 15
    [0002]
    2. 20
    [0003]
    3. 25
    [0004]
    4. 30
    [0005]
    5. 35
    [0006]
    6. Electric motor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the bistable coupling is effected by means of a stator magnet (39) mounted in the brake stator, and a magnetic material portion of the movable member, the stator magnet and the magnetic material of the movable member being configured to generate a magnetic force urging the movable member toward the rotor in the braking position, and in the opposite direction in the unlocking position.
    [0007]
    7. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic armature of the stator comprises a generally flat shape, a major plane of the flat shape oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the rotor.
    [0008]
    8. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic armature of the stator is a closed magnetic circuit surrounding the coils and the rotor and the brake device.
    [0009]
    9. Actuator comprising an electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, a transmission (4) coupled to an output (22) of the motor rotor, an electronic circuit (6), and a housing (8) in which the motor, the transmission and the circuit are housed.
    [0010]
    10. Actuator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the transmission is in the form of a gear train.
    [0011]
    11. An actuator according to claim 10, characterized in that the transmission comprises a screw-nut device (31, 33), the screw (33) being linear displacement.
    [0012]
    12. Actuator according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor and the transmission are reversible and unlocking position allow a return system to rotate the output shaft (22) of the rotor and the transmission in a position defined in advance by a security system.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015162557A2|2015-10-29|
    FR3020522B1|2016-05-06|
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    WO2015162557A3|2016-07-21|
    EP3134961A2|2017-03-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2701522A1|1993-02-12|1994-08-19|Valeo Systemes Dessuyage|Electromagnetic brake for an electric machine, electric motor and actuator which self-lock at rest|
    DE19627925A1|1996-07-11|1998-01-15|Gerhard Hofmann|Bistable solenoid valve internal locking actuating device e.g. for washing machines, automobile engineering, space technology etc|
    FR2754953A1|1996-10-21|1998-04-24|Moving Magnet Tech|Polyphase gearing motor for instrument needle display|
    FR2795885A1|1999-06-29|2001-01-05|Sonceboz Sa|Calibration of end point of stepping motor uses measurement of induced voltage in non-powered phase to determine correct setting position for end stop|
    JPH08322226A|1995-03-20|1996-12-03|Asmo Co Ltd|Rotary actuator|
    JP2003244923A|2002-02-14|2003-08-29|Minebea Co Ltd|Flat stepping motor|
    US8084913B2|2005-10-06|2011-12-27|Borgwarner Inc.|DC motor with asymmetrical poles|
    ES2399137T3|2007-06-18|2013-03-26|Askoll Holding S.R.L.|2-phase synchronous electric motor|
    JP2010288426A|2009-06-15|2010-12-24|Tamron Co Ltd|Three-phase dc motor|CN105656230A|2016-03-01|2016-06-08|上海小糸车灯有限公司|Light-type conversion driving device for car lamp light-type conversion device and conversion method thereof|
    FR3072226B1|2017-10-06|2019-09-27|Mmt ag|COMPACT MOTOREDUCER|
    EP3483454A1|2017-11-10|2019-05-15|Société Industrielle de Sonceboz S.A.|Hydraulic control|
    EP3945658A1|2020-07-29|2022-02-02|BSH Hausgeräte GmbH|Polyphase motor, manufacturing method and kitchen appliance|
    法律状态:
    2015-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-10-30| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20151030 |
    2016-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-04-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-04-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-01-15| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20201214 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1453759A|FR3020522B1|2014-04-25|2014-04-25|ELECTRIC ACTUATOR|FR1453759A| FR3020522B1|2014-04-25|2014-04-25|ELECTRIC ACTUATOR|
    EP15724770.1A| EP3134961B1|2014-04-25|2015-04-21|Electric actuator|
    PCT/IB2015/052911| WO2015162557A2|2014-04-25|2015-04-21|Electric actuator|
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